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Quarter 4, 2025 Macro Review | Georgia: inflation above target, growth converging, and an external balance that still holds
23 March 2026

Economic activity remained strong through the end of 2025, although the pace of expansion continued to normalize. According to preliminary estimates, real GDP growth reached 7.5% in 2025, indicating that output was still expanding above Georgia’s longer-run trend even as the economy gradually converged toward potential.

The EU green transition: green economy trends and environmental results
23 March 2026

The transition toward a green economy has become a central pillar of economic policy in the European Union, reflecting the need to reconcile economic growth with environmental sustainability. As defined by international frameworks, a green economy is one that is low-carbon, resource-efficient, and socially inclusive, aiming to reduce environmental risks while generating new economic opportunities.

October 2025 | Khachapuri Index upward trend continues
31 October 2025

In October 2025, the cost of preparing one standard Imeretian khachapuri reached 7.3 GEL, reflecting a 3.5% increase from September 2025 and a 10.3% rise compared to October 2024.

Creative destruction at work: productivity frontiers, innovation, and concentration across Georgian industries
31 October 2025

Innovation-driven growth has long been understood as a restless, uneven process. In the Schumpeterian tradition – captured formally by Aghion and Howitt’s model of creative destruction – economies progress when new, higher-quality technologies displace older ones, pushing the productivity frontier outward.

September 2025 | Khachapuri Index rises for the third consecutive month
30 September 2025

In September 2025, the average cost of preparing a standard portion of Imeretian khachapuri reached 7.05 GEL. Starting from July 2025, the Khachapuri Index followed an upward trend, with prices increasing by 12.3% in September compared to June 2025. This rise was primarily driven by a 16.1% increase in cheese prices over the same period.

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