Firms differ systematically by size, and these differences shape how aggregate shocks propagate through the corporate sector. Large and small firms vary in their production technologies, cost structures, financing options, and ability to absorb adverse shocks. These differences become particularly important during periods of macroeconomic stress, when constraints on liquidity, access to finance, and cost flexibility can translate into sharply divergent performance outcomes.

Digital transformation is changing how businesses around the world operate, compete, and create value for their customers. For small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), embracing digital tools has become crucial not just for boosting productivity and efficiency, but also for building resilience and ensuring long-term success.

In recent years digitalization has continued to reshape global contexts, impacting all aspects of life and business. The pandemic accelerated digital adoption, making it a critical factor for business resilience.

Gender inequality has been a persistent (albeit steadily improving) problem for years. The COVID-induced crisis put women in a disproportionately disadvantaged position, jeopardizing decades of progress achieved towards equality between men and women.

The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent stringent lockdown measures have had a drastic toll on the Georgian economy. The economic downturn has significantly affected the resilience of local Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), whose sales decreased by almost 13% (YoY) in the first two quarters of 2020. These negative impacts of the economic contraction have been particularly severe for Women-led Small and Medium Enterprises (WSMEs).